Education VDO - History,Chemistry,Physics

Hisory

The history of the world (eventually)!

1. French Revolution (Part 1)
2. French Revolution (Part 2)
3. French Revolution (Part 3) - Reign of Terror
4. French Revolution (Part 4) - The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte
5. Haitian Revolution (Part 1)
6. Haitian Revolution (Part 2)
7. Napoleon and the Wars of the First and Second Coalitions
8. Napoleon and the War of the Third Coalition
9. Napoleon and the War of the Fourth Coalition
10. Napoleon's Peninsular Campaigns
11. French Invasion of Russia
12. Napoleon Forced to Abdicate

IIT JEE Questions

Questions from previous IIT JEEs

1. IIT JEE Trigonometry Problem 1
2. IIT JEE Perpendicular Planes (Part 1)
3. IIT JEE Perpendicular Plane (part 2)
4. IIT JEE Complex Root Probability (part 1)
5. IIT JEE Complex Root Probability (part 2)
6. IIT JEE Position Vectors
7. IIT JEE Integral Limit
8. IIT JEE Algebraic Manipulation
9. IIT JEE Function Maxima
10. IIT JEE Diameter Slope
11. IIT JEE Hairy Trig and Algebra (part 1)
12. IIT JEE Hairy Trig and Algebra (Part 2)
13. IIT JEE Hairy Trig and Algebra (Part 3)
14. IIT JEE Complex Numbers (part 1)
15. IIT JEE Complex Numbers (part 2)
16. IIT JEE Complex Numbers (part 3)
17. IIT JEE Differentiability and Boundedness
18. IIT JEE Integral with Binomial Expansion
19. IIT JEE Symmetric and Skew-Symmetric Matrices
20. IIT JEE Trace and Determinant
21. IIT JEE Divisible Determinants
22. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Intersection
23. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Common Tangent Part 1
24. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Common Tangent Part 2
25. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Common Tangent Part 3
26. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Common Tangent Part 4
27. IIT JEE Circle Hyperbola Common Tangent Part 5
28. IIT JEE Trigonometric Constraints
29. IIT JEE Trigonometric Maximum
30. Vector Triple Product Expansion (very optional)
31. IIT JEE Lagrange's Formula
32. Tangent Line Hyperbola Relationship (very optional)
33. 2010 IIT JEE Paper 1 Problem 50 Hyperbola Eccentricity
34. Normal vector from plane equation
35. Point distance to plane
36. Distance Between Planes
37. Complex Determinant Example
38. Series Sum Example
39. Trigonometric System Example
40. Simple Differential Equation Example

Khan Academy-Related Talks and Interviews

Collection of interviews with and presentations by Salman Khan. Also a few other mentions of Khan Academy at other talks.

1. PBS NewsHour on the Khan Academy
2. Salman Khan on CNN
3. Salman Khan Speaks at GEL (Good Experience Live) Conference
4. Salman Khan Talk at the MIT Club of Northern California
5. Salman Khan talk at Castilleja School on January 5th, 2010
6. Sal Khan Interview with IT Conversations - January 31,2010
7. Salman Khan interview with NPR's All Things Considered on 12/28/2009
8. Khan Academy on PBS NewsHour (Edited)
9. Sal Khan (with a severe cold!) on Future Talk
10. Brian Lehrer Interview with Salman Khan
11. Salman Khan Interview with Mixergy.com
12. Bill Gates talks about the Khan Academy at Aspen Ideas Festival 2010
13. Khan Academy Vision and Social Return
14. Bay Area CBS Station with Salman Khan
15. CNN: Google award to Khan Academy
16. Fareed Zakaria talks about Khan Academy on CNN GPS
17. Khan Academy on the Gates Notes
18. Sal on ABC News
19. Forbes Names You Need To Know: Khan Academy
20. Salman Khan on KQED MindShift
21. Khan Academy Exercise Software
22. Salman Khan talk at TED 2011 (from ted.com)
23. Khan Academy on Nightly News
24. Sal on Dylan Ratigan show
25. Authors@Google: Salman Khan

Linear Algebra

Matrices, vectors, vector spaces, transformations. Covers all topics in a first year college linear algebra course. This is an advanced course normally taken by science or engineering majors after taking at least two semesters of calculus (although calculus really isn't a prereq) so don't confuse this with regular high school algebra.

1. Introduction to matrices
2. Matrix multiplication (part 1)
3. Matrix multiplication (part 2)
4. Inverse Matrix (part 1)
5. Inverting matrices (part 2)
6. Inverting Matrices (part 3)
7. Matrices to solve a system of equations
8. Matrices to solve a vector combination problem
9. Singular Matrices
10. 3-variable linear equations (part 1)
11. Solving 3 Equations with 3 Unknowns
12. Linear Algebra: Introduction to Vectors
13. Linear Algebra: Vector Examples
14. Linear Algebra: Parametric Representations of Lines
15. Linear Combinations and Span
16. Linear Algebra: Introduction to Linear Independence
17. More on linear independence
18. Span and Linear Independence Example
19. Linear Subspaces
20. Linear Algebra: Basis of a Subspace
21. Vector Dot Product and Vector Length
22. Proving Vector Dot Product Properties
23. Proof of the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality
24. Linear Algebra: Vector Triangle Inequality
25. Defining the angle between vectors
26. Defining a plane in R3 with a point and normal vector
27. Linear Algebra: Cross Product Introduction
28. Proof: Relationship between cross product and sin of angle
29. Dot and Cross Product Comparison/Intuition
30. Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 1
31. Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 2
32. Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 3
33. Matrix Vector Products
34. Introduction to the Null Space of a Matrix
35. Null Space 2: Calculating the null space of a matrix
36. Null Space 3: Relation to Linear Independence
37. Column Space of a Matrix
38. Null Space and Column Space Basis
39. Visualizing a Column Space as a Plane in R3
40. Proof: Any subspace basis has same number of elements
41. Dimension of the Null Space or Nullity
42. Dimension of the Column Space or Rank
43. Showing relation between basis cols and pivot cols
44. Showing that the candidate basis does span C(A)
45. A more formal understanding of functions
46. Vector Transformations
47. Linear Transformations
48. Matrix Vector Products as Linear Transformations
49. Linear Transformations as Matrix Vector Products
50. Image of a subset under a transformation
51. im(T): Image of a Transformation
52. Preimage of a set
53. Preimage and Kernel Example
54. Sums and Scalar Multiples of Linear Transformations
55. More on Matrix Addition and Scalar Multiplication
56. Linear Transformation Examples: Scaling and Reflections
57. Linear Transformation Examples: Rotations in R2
58. Rotation in R3 around the X-axis
59. Unit Vectors
60. Introduction to Projections
61. Expressing a Projection on to a line as a Matrix Vector prod
62. Compositions of Linear Transformations 1
63. Compositions of Linear Transformations 2
64. Linear Algebra: Matrix Product Examples
65. Matrix Product Associativity
66. Distributive Property of Matrix Products
67. Linear Algebra: Introduction to the inverse of a function
68. Proof: Invertibility implies a unique solution to f(x)=y
69. Surjective (onto) and Injective (one-to-one) functions
70. Relating invertibility to being onto and one-to-one
71. Determining whether a transformation is onto
72. Linear Algebra: Exploring the solution set of Ax=b
73. Linear Algebra: Matrix condition for one-to-one trans
74. Linear Algebra: Simplifying conditions for invertibility
75. Linear Algebra: Showing that Inverses are Linear
76. Linear Algebra: Deriving a method for determining inverses
77. Linear Algebra: Example of Finding Matrix Inverse
78. Linear Algebra: Formula for 2x2 inverse
79. Linear Algebra: 3x3 Determinant
80. Linear Algebra: nxn Determinant
81. Linear Algebra: Determinants along other rows/cols
82. Linear Algebra: Rule of Sarrus of Determinants
83. Linear Algebra: Determinant when row multiplied by scalar
84. Linear Algebra: (correction) scalar muliplication of row
85. Linear Algebra: Determinant when row is added
86. Linear Algebra: Duplicate Row Determinant
87. Linear Algebra: Determinant after row operations
88. Linear Algebra: Upper Triangular Determinant
89. Linear Algebra: Simpler 4x4 determinant
90. Linear Algebra: Determinant and area of a parallelogram
91. Linear Algebra: Determinant as Scaling Factor
92. Linear Algebra: Transpose of a Matrix
93. Linear Algebra: Determinant of Transpose
94. Linear Algebra: Transposes of sums and inverses
95. Linear Algebra: Transpose of a Vector
96. Linear Algebra: Rowspace and Left Nullspace
97. Lin Alg: Visualizations of Left Nullspace and Rowspace
98. Linear Algebra: Orthogonal Complements
99. Linear Algebra: Rank(A) = Rank(transpose of A)
100. Linear Algebra: dim(V) + dim(orthogonoal complelent of V)=n
101. Lin Alg: Representing vectors in Rn using subspace members
102. Lin Alg: Orthogonal Complement of the Orthogonal Complement
103. Lin Alg: Orthogonal Complement of the Nullspace
104. Lin Alg: Unique rowspace solution to Ax=b
105. Linear Alg: Rowspace Solution to Ax=b example
106. Lin Alg: Showing that A-transpose x A is invertible
107. Linear Algebra: Projections onto Subspaces
108. Linear Alg: Visualizing a projection onto a plane
109. Lin Alg: A Projection onto a Subspace is a Linear Transforma
110. Linear Algebra: Subspace Projection Matrix Example
111. Lin Alg: Another Example of a Projection Matrix
112. Linear Alg: Projection is closest vector in subspace
113. Linear Algebra: Least Squares Approximation
114. Linear Algebra: Least Squares Examples
115. Linear Algebra: Another Least Squares Example
116. Linear Algebra: Coordinates with Respect to a Basis
117. Linear Algebra: Change of Basis Matrix
118. Lin Alg: Invertible Change of Basis Matrix
119. Lin Alg: Transformation Matrix with Respect to a Basis
120. Lin Alg: Alternate Basis Tranformation Matrix Example
121. Lin Alg: Alternate Basis Tranformation Matrix Example Part 2
122. Lin Alg: Changing coordinate systems to help find a transformation matrix
123. Linear Algebra: Introduction to Orthonormal Bases
124. Linear Algebra: Coordinates with respect to orthonormal bases
125. Lin Alg: Projections onto subspaces with orthonormal bases
126. Lin Alg: Finding projection onto subspace with orthonormal basis example
127. Lin Alg: Example using orthogonal change-of-basis matrix to find transformation matrix
128. Lin Alg: Orthogonal matrices preserve angles and lengths
129. Linear Algebra: The Gram-Schmidt Process
130. Linear Algebra: Gram-Schmidt Process Example
131. Linear Algebra: Gram-Schmidt example with 3 basis vectors
132. Linear Algebra: Introduction to Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
133. Linear Algebra: Proof of formula for determining Eigenvalues
134. Linear Algebra: Example solving for the eigenvalues of a 2x2 matrix
135. Linear Algebra: Finding Eigenvectors and Eigenspaces example
136. Linear Algebra: Eigenvalues of a 3x3 matrix
137. Linear Algebra: Eigenvectors and Eigenspaces for a 3x3 matrix
138. Linear Algebra: Showing that an eigenbasis makes for good coordinate systems
139. Vector Triple Product Expansion (very optional)
140. Normal vector from plane equation
141. Point distance to plane
142. Distance Between Planes

MA Tests for Education Licensure (MTEL) -Pre-Alg

Massachusetts Tests for Education Licensure (MTEL) General Curriculum (03) Practice Test explained by Sal. Good problems for deep understanding of pre-algebra concepts.

1. MTEL Math Practice Test: 1-4
2. MTEL Math Practice Test: 5-8
3. MTEL Math Practice Test: 9-11
4. MTEL Math Practice Test: 12 -15
5. MTEL Math Practice Test: 16-19
6. MTEL Math Practice Test: 20-23
7. MTEL Math Practice Test: 24-27
8. MTEL Math Practice Test: 28-30
9. MTEL Math Practice Test: 31-35
10. MTEL Math Practice Test: 36-40
11. MTEL Math Practice Test: 41-45

Organic Chemistry

Topics covered in college organic chemistry course. Basic understanding of basic high school or college chemistry assumed

1. Representing Structures of Organic Molecules
2. Naming Simple Alkanes
3. Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups
4. Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name!
5. Common and Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec and Tert Prefixes
6. More Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 1
7. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 2
8. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3
9. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4
10. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5
11. Naming Alkenes Examples
12. Naming Alkyl Halides
13. sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds
14. Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals
15. Newman Projections
16. Newman Projections 2
17. Chair and Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane
18. Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane
19. Introduction to Chirality
20. Chiral Examples 1
21. Chiral Examples 2
22. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System for Naming Enantiomers
23. R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) Naming System Example 2
24. Stereoisomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Constitutional Isomers and Meso Compounds
25. Cis-Trans and E-Z Naming Scheme for Alkenes
26. Entgegen-Zusammen Naming Scheme for Alkenes Examples
27. Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms
28. Markovnikov's Rule and Carbocations
29. Addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism
30. Polymerization of Alkenes with Acid
31. Sn2 Reactions
32. Sn1 Reactions
33. Steric Hindrance
34. Sn2 Stereochemistry
35. Solvent Effects on Sn1 and Sn2 Reactions
36. Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength)
37. Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity
38. E2 Reactions
39. E1 Reactions
40. Zaitsev's Rule
41. Comparing E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions
42. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 2
43. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 3
44. Free Radical Reactions
45. Alcohols
46. Alcohol Properties
47. Resonance
48. Ether Naming and Introduction
49. Cyclic ethers and epoxide naming
50. Ring-opening Sn2 reaction of expoxides
51. Sn1 and Sn2 epoxide opening discussion
52. Aromatic Compounds and Huckel's Rule
53. Naming Benzene Derivatives Introduction
54. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
55. Bromination of Benzene
56. Amine Naming Introduction
57. Amine Naming 2
58. Amine as Nucleophile in Sn2 Reaction
59. Amine in Sn2 part 2
60. Sn1 Amine Reaction
61. Aldehyde Introduction
62. Ketone Naming
63. Friedel Crafts Acylation
64. Friedel Crafts Acylation Addendum
65. Keto Enol Tautomerization
66. Carboxlic Acid Introduction
67. Carboxylic Acid Naming
68. Fisher Esterification
69. Acid Chloride Formation
70. Amides, Anhydrides, Esters and Acyl Chlorides
71. Relative Stability of Amides Esters Anhydrides and Acyl Chlorides
72. Amide Formation from Acyl Chloride
73. Aldol Reaction

Paulson Bailout

Videos to help understand the bailout.

1. Bailout 1: Liquidity vs. Solvency
2. Bailout 2: Book Value
3. Bailout 3: Book value vs. market value
4. Bailout 4: Mark-to-model vs. mark-to-market
5. Bailout 5: Paying off the debt
6. Bailout 6: Getting an equity infusion
7. Bailout 7: Bank goes into bankruptcy
8. Bailout 8: Systemic Risk
9. Bailout 9: Paulson's Plan
10. Bailout 10: Moral Hazard
11. Bailout 11: Why these CDOs could be worth nothing
12. Bailout 12: Lone Star Transaction
13. Bailout 14: Possible Solution
14. Bailout 15: More on the solution

Physics

Projectile motion, mechanics and electricity and magnetism. Solid understanding of algebra and a basic understanding of trigonometry necessary.

1. Introduction to motion
2. Introduction to motion (part 2)
3. Introduction to motion (part 3)
4. Projectile motion (part 1)
5. Projectile motion (part 2)
6. Projectile motion (part 3)
7. Projectile motion (part 4)
8. Projectile motion (part 5)
9. Projectile motion (part 6)
10. Projectile motion (part 7)
11. Projectile motion (part 8)
12. Projectile motion (part 9)
13. Projectile motion (part 10)
14. 2 dimensional projectile motion (part 1)
15. 2 dimensional projectile motion (part 2)
16. 2-dimensional projectile motion (part 3)
17. 2 dimensional projectile motion part 4
18. 2-dimensional projectile motion part 5
19. Optimal angle for a projectile part 1
20. Optimal angle for a projectile part 2 - Hangtime
21. Optimal angle for a projectile part 3 - Horizontal distance as a function of angle (and speed)
22. Optimal angle for a projectile part 4 Finding the optimal angle and distance with a bit of calculus
23. Newton's First Law of Motion
24. Newton's Second Law of Motion
25. Newton's Third Law of Motion
26. Newton's Laws Problems (part 1)
27. Newton's Laws Examples (part 2)
28. Newton's Laws
29. Newton's Laws and vectors
30. Force with Vectors
31. Introduction to Tension
32. Tension (part 2)
33. Mass on Inclined Plane
34. Introduction to friction
35. Friction on an inclined plane
36. A more complicated friction/inclined plane problem
37. Tension in an accelerating system and pie in the face
38. Moving pulley problem (part 1)
39. Moving pulley problem (part 2)
40. Introduction to Momentum
41. Momentum: Ice skater throws a ball
42. 2-dimensional momentum problem
43. 2-dimensional momentum problem (part 2)
44. Introduction to work and energy
45. Work and Energy (part 2)
46. Conservation of Energy
47. Work/Energy problem with Friction
48. Introduction to mechanical advantage
49. Mechanical Advantage (part 2)
50. Mechanical Advantage (part 3)
51. Center of Mass
52. Introduction to Torque
53. Moments
54. Moments (part 2)
55. Unit Vector Notation
56. Unit Vector Notation (part 2)
57. Projectile Motion with Unit Vectors
58. Projectile Motion with Unit Vectors (part 2)
59. Projectile Motion with Ordered Set Notation
60. Introduction to centripetal acceleration (part 1)
61. Centripetal Acceleration (part 2)
62. Centripetal Acceleration (part 3)
63. Visual Proof: a= v^2/r
64. Calculus Proof that a=v^2/r
65. Introduction to angular velocity
66. Conservation of angular momemtum
67. Introduction to Newton's Law of Gravitation
68. Gravitation (part 2)
69. Intro to springs and Hooke's Law
70. Potential energy stored in a spring
71. Spring potential energy example (mistake in math)
72. Introduction to Harmonic Motion
73. Harmonic Motion Part 2 (calculus)
74. Harmonic Motion Part 3 (no calculus)
75. Fluids (part 1)
76. Fluids (part 2)
77. Fluids (part 3)
78. Fluids (part 4)
79. Fluids (part 5)
80. Fluids (part 6)
81. Fluids (part 7)
82. Fluids (part 8)
83. Fluids (part 9)
84. Fluids (part 10)
85. Fluids (part 11)
86. Fluids (part 12)
87. Thermodynamics (part 1)
88. Thermodynamics (part 2)
89. Thermodynamics (part 3)
90. Thermodynamics (part 4)
91. Thermodynamics (part 5)
92. Electrostatics (part 1): Introduction to Charge and Coulomb's Law
93. Electrostatics (part 2)
94. Proof (Advanced): Field from infinite plate (part 1)
95. Proof (Advanced): Field from infinite plate (part 2)
96. Electric Potential Energy